Genetically modified cells known as chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have become potent cancer fighters, and scientists are now studying them as treatments for autoimmune diseases and other illnesses. But making them involves harvesting and transforming a person’s immune cells—a process that can take so long that patients sometimes die before the therapy is ready.

A new approach induces the patient’s body to produce its own CAR-T cells, relying on the same messenger RNA (mRNA) technology that was instrumental for some COVID-19 vaccines. The tactic, reported by its developers today in Science, could cut the wait time for the treatment and possibly reduce its enormous cost.

“It’s a striking proof of concept,” says Yvonne Chen, a cancer immunotherapy researcher at the University of California, Los Angeles who wasn’t connected to the study. Still, she says, further research is necessary to assess the safety of the approach.

More: https://www.science.org/content/article/new-approach-enables-body-engineer-its-own-cells-fight-cancer-or-autoimmunity